More information in the Times on 22nd October 2019 about dairy and plant based diet affecting the prostate.
In summary, if you read right through: Dairy is still inconclusive, but plant based could be good.
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Link to the article behind paywall probably: https://www.thetimes.co.uk/past-six-days/2019-10-22/news/dairy-heavy-diet-linked-to-prostate-cancer-risk-22n3gfl6w
Eating lots of dairy products gives an increased risk of prostate cancer while men who follow a plant-based diet are at the lowest risk, analysis suggests.
Researchers examined 47 studies published between 2006 and 2017 and found that men with a dairy-heavy diet were up to 65 per cent more likely to develop prostate cancer. It has been suggested that calcium may be a factor.
Scientists at the Mayo Clinic in the US did not quantify how much milk, cheese, butter or yoghurt constituted a large amount but concluded: “Our review of the literature suggests that consumption of higher amounts of plant-based foods may be associated with decreased prostate cancer risk, and higher amounts of dairy products may be associated with increased risk.”
Researchers found no link with meat or fish but said that those following vegan diets were up to 36 per cent less likely to develop the condition. About 11,700 men die of prostate cancer in the UK each year.
More than a million people were examined across the 47 studies. The researchers said that of 22 studies on the link between “total dairy” consumption and prostate cancer, eight had found that dairy products increased the risk, 13 found that it made no difference and one linked it to a lower risk.
Ten studies out of 22 found that milk increased the risk, ten found that it made no difference and two found that it decreased the risk. A higher risk was shown by one of nine studies on cheese, one of five on butter and cream and two of nine on yoghurt. The rest showed that consumption of these products made no difference.
Prostate Cancer UK warns on its website: “Eating or drinking lots of dairy products . . . might increase your risk. We don’t know why this is but it might be because of the calcium.”
John Shin, an oncologist at the Mayo Clinic, said: “Our review highlighted a cause for concern with high consumption of dairy. The findings also support a growing body of evidence on the potential benefits of plant-based diets.” He said more research was needed.
Tom Sanders, professor of nutrition and dietetics at King’s College London, said the research did “not justify the strong conclusions”. The World Cancer Research Fund had conducted a “far more rigorous review”, he said, which found that “being overweight or obese were the only dietary factors probably associated with risk of prostate cancer”.
He added that the new review “only considered dairy and calcium intake as a possible cause” but did not have sufficient evidence to prove the link.
Sophia Lowes from Cancer Research UK said the analysis did not comment on the quality of the studies it analysed and did not clarify whether they examined only the risk of aggressive prostate cancer, as opposed to benign.
“We don’t think the evidence is strong enough to warrant a change in our guidance for men,” she said. “We need more high-quality research.”