it's possible that a biopsy on a cancerous growth can stimulate the body's immune response against the cancer. This phenomenon is known as the "abscopal effect" and occurs when localized treatment, such as a biopsy or radiation therapy, triggers a systemic immune response that targets cancer cells throughout the body, not just at the site of treatment.
The immune system recognizes cancer cells as foreign or abnormal and attempts to eliminate them. However, cancer cells can develop various mechanisms to evade the immune response. Localized treatments like biopsies or radiation can release tumor antigens or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that activate immune cells and enhance their ability to recognize and attack cancer cells.
While the abscopal effect is a well-documented phenomenon, it's relatively rare and not fully understood. Researchers are actively investigating ways to harness and enhance the immune system's ability to recognize and destroy cancer cells, including through combinations of localized treatments with immunotherapy drugs that boost the immune response.
It's important to note that while biopsies and other treatments can stimulate the immune system, they are typically not sufficient as standalone treatments for cancer. They are often used in conjunction with other therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy to achieve the best outcomes for patients.