I've just revisted the margins debate thread
According to AI, there are internal and external margins:
In the context of prostatectomy, internal margins refer to the surgical resection edge around the prostate gland itself, while external margins refer to the surgical resection edge surrounding the surrounding tissue, such as the bladder neck and pelvic side walls. The presence of cancer cells in either internal or external margins is known as a positive surgical margin, which may indicate incomplete removal of the cancer.
Internal Margins:
These margins are located along the surface of the prostate gland after it has been removed.
The presence of cancer cells at the internal margin (positive internal margin) suggests that the cancer may have extended beyond the prostate capsule.
Positive internal margins are a significant indicator of a higher risk of biochemical recurrence (PSA rising after surgery) and may influence treatment decisions, such as whether additional therapy is needed.
External Margins:
These margins are located on the periphery of the surgical resection, including the bladder neck, pelvic side walls, and other surrounding tissues.
Positive external margins indicate that cancer cells may have spread beyond the prostate gland itself and into the surrounding tissues.
Positive external margins are also associated with an increased risk of biochemical recurrence and may lead to the recommendation of additional treatments, such as radiation therapy or hormone therapy.
In Summary:
Both internal and external margins are important indicators of the extent of cancer removal during prostatectomy.
Positive margins (cancer cells at the resection edge) suggest incomplete removal and may lead to increased risk of recurrence and a need for additional treatment.
The presence and location of positive margins influence treatment decisions and impact the prognosis of prostate cancer patients.
I'm too old tired to further investigate this evening but I might tomorrow.
Edited by member 24 May 2025 at 22:22
| Reason: Typo